With the development of society and the advancement of science and technology, the demand for welding robots has increased rapidly. The main advantages of welding robots are stability and improvement of welding quality, ensuring uniformity; increase in productivity, as robots can perform welding 24 hours a day; improvement of working conditions, allowing them to continue working in harmful environments; and the ability to achieve automated small-batch welding.

Based on these advantages, the application of welding robots in the manufacturing of construction machinery is becoming increasingly widespread.

The welding robots currently widely used belong to the category of proxy industrial robots. Their basic working principle is teaching-reproduction. Teaching is also known as guidance. Existing user-guided robots operate step by step according to actual tasks. During the guidance process, the robot automatically remembers the position, posture, motion parameters, process parameters, etc. of each action, and automatically generates a program to continuously execute all operations. After the teaching is completed, as long as a start command is given to the robot, it will complete the operations step by step according to the teaching actions. This is teaching and reproduction.

Currently, the welding effect of welding robots is influenced by many factors. Firstly, the robot welding manipulator and fixtures have an impact on the welding process:

1. The positioning accuracy of the parts is very high, and the relative position accuracy of the weld seams is also very high.

2. The positioning of the robot welding fixture during both the pre-process and the subsequent process must be consistent.

3. Since the welded components are generally formed by welding multiple simple parts together, the assembly and positioning welding of these parts are carried out sequentially. Therefore, their positioning and clamping are done separately.

4. Due to the large rotation angle of the positioner, the robot welding fixture should avoid using movable manual plugs.

5. The robot welding fixtures should be made of quick-release components and be equipped with platforms with holes.

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